Unlocking the Secrets of Your Sense of Smell - Part 2

All scent originates as a chemical. Without chemicals, our brain would not be able to perceive a scent. Our sense of smell is fully mature at birth and is one of the first senses that newborns experience.

All scent originates as a chemical.  Without chemicals, our brain would not be able to perceive, or “read” a scent.  All around us are currents of air which are in constant motion.  These currents contain myriads of complex combinations of odours that only trigger our attention when they irritate or please us.

Every time we breathe, our noses take in these chemicals, which pass over two small patch-like areas the size of a penny that contains five to six million tiny yellow receptor cells called the olfactory epithelium.  Located on these receptor cells are microscopic filaments called cilia that extend into a watery mucous that surrounds the epithelium.  On the cilia are proteins that respond to specific molecules.  Like a key in a lock, when these proteins come into contact with its corresponding odorant molecule, a series of biological interactions are initiated. 

First, there is an immediate rush of electrical activity as one experiences the perception of an odour.  Our sensory nerves have long filaments, or axons, that are located on the opposite end of our olfactory nerves. The axons send messages to nerves located in the olfactory bulb which is shaped like a protracted balloon. The millions of axons that line its circumference transmit a pattern of activity that is specific to the individual cilia that come into contact with their corresponding molecules.  Just as our brains are able to store and recognize complex notes from a symphony, it is also able to store and recognize complex combinations of fragrance notes that make up our favorite perfume.

How strong is our sense of smell?

Compared to a dog that has two hundred million olfactory sensors, humans have only five or six million.  While it may seem that humans have been short-changed where noses are concerned, we still can nevertheless, recognize thousands of different scents.

Though we may not have a piranha-sharp sense of smell, we can, for instance, detect some substances in dilutions of less than one part per several billion parts air. 

How sharp is our sense of smell at birth?

Unlike our other senses, our sense of smell is fully mature at birth and is one of the first senses that newborns experience.  Their sense of smell helps them to locate their mother and her source of food.  Without this functioning sense, baby animals would not be able to locate their mothers’ milk. 

Studies indicate that a newborn can recognize his or her mother’s nipple simply by its scent.  In one study, mothers washed one of their breasts while leaving the other left unwashed.  Over two-thirds of the babies tested chose the unwashed breast.

Research conducted by Dr. Ira Lott reveals that when a baby is introduced to a fragrance while being stroked—much like a mother would do while nursing—his or her ability to remember that scent is increased.  The results of her study suggest a connection between a baby’s sense of smell and the ability to learn at an early age.  Dr. Lott suggests that touching a baby increases his or her ability to remember a scent and may help to explain why a newborn readily recognizes his or her mother by her scent.

Other studies suggest that babies are most responsive to body odors but by the age of three they essentially have the same odor likes and dislike as adults. Newborns subjected to pleasant odors reacted positively while those subjected to unpleasant odors responded with “screwed up faces.”  Studies within the womb reveal that fetuses react to fragrances introduced through their mother while newborns are able to recognize her scent in as little as forty-eight hours after their birth. 

Children’s sense of smell—their odor likes and dislikes—do not parallel those of adults until the onset of puberty. A study conducted in 1976 and repeated in 1994 indicates that nine-year olds apparently do not have sensitivity to certain musk odors. However, their ability to detect particular odors is the same as both adults and young adults.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

 Luke Vorstermans

Luke Vorstermans is the founder of The Sense of Smell Lab, a world leader in the development of innovative products that use our sense of smell to influence behavior, trigger memories, manage cravings, enhance moods and improve sexual health.  To learn more about enhancing your sex drive with Scentuelle patch go to http://www.scentuellepatch.com

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Unlocking the Secrets of Your Sense of Smell: Part 1

Each day we breathe in billions of odorant molecules.  These scents have a significant impact on our physical and emotional well-being.  Learn some amazing facts about your sense of smell and its power to affect your health and pleasure.

Who among us cannot recall the smell of freshly-baked bread at dinner, the aroma of freshly-ground coffee in the morning, the heady scent of lilacs in the spring or the mouth-watering aroma of baked apples in the fall?  Interestingly, while most of us can recall these scents, quite often we also associate distinct memories with them as well.

In the course of a day each of us will take over twenty thousand breaths, inhale over 438 cubic feet of air and take in countless billions of odorant molecules.  Yet surprisingly, few of us will take notice of more than a mere handful of various scents.  Because we are constantly surrounded by swirls of aromas that enter and emanate from our bodies, we become desensitized to their various scents.

Whether or not we are aware of them, these odours have a significant impact on our physical and emotional well-being.

·         Did you know that your sense of smell is not only one of the first senses that you use as a newborn, but that it is the only one of your five senses that was fully mature at the moment of your birth?

·         Can the scent of peppermint help you to stay awake?

·         Does your hair colour affect the way you smell?

·         Did you know that most of the flavour that you “taste” actually comes from your sense of smell?

·         Did you know that your nose can help you to lose weight while helping your body absorb the maximum nutrients from your diet?

·         Do most females have better noses than males?

·         Can a loss of smell indicate the onset of Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease?

·         Did you know that your sense of smell has a stronger link to your memory than any of your five senses?

·         Do overweight people have a heightened sensory pleasure of eating?

·         Did you know that no two apples smell alike?

·         Is there a link between a loss of hearing and certain learning disorders?

·         Did you know that, like your eyesight, your sense of smell diminishes as you age, but that you can “exercise” your nose to keep it “young?”

·         Was Leonardo da Vinci a perfumist?

·         Do people judge us by our scent?

This is the first in a series of 12 articles that explores the awesome power of our sense of smell and how you can harness its power for better health, pleasure and well-being.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

 Luke Vorstermans

Luke Vorstermans is the founder of The Sense of Smell Lab, a world leader in the development of innovative products that use our sense of smell to influence behavior, trigger memories, manage cravings, enhance moods and improve sexual health.  To learn more about enhancing your sex drive with Scentuellepatch go to http://www.scentuellepatch.com

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The Sense of Smell and Emotional Response

Smell is a specialised chemical sense. It is interesting to note that the olfactory cells are the only place in the human body where the central nervous system is in direct contact with the external environment. When we detect the smell of something, there is a direct contact between the molecules of scent and our own receptors.

The message regarding the molecule of scent is passed along the olfactory nerve to the nerve centre in the brain. The neurons of the olfactory nerve, control the inner responses, i.e. emotions and memories, as well as the body's hormones. There is no generally accepted classification of the basic types of smells recognized by man. The sense of smell can be very sensitive, sensing minute concentrations of some substances in the air.

There is considerable individual variation in the activity of the sense of smell. Adaption can occur to pleasant as well as nasty smells, due to changes in both the receptors and the central connections.

It is important to remember that the inhalation of the aromas of essential oils also has a profound and instantaneous effect on us today. The limbic lobe of the brain receives information about smell via the olfactory nerve and this part of the brain is also concerned with our emotional memory. The limbic system produces the autonomic responses that accompany emotional states and behaviours.

Particular scents can trigger strong, emotional responses which are pleasant or unpleasant according to our own individual experience. Which smells do you find repellent? What are your favourite scents? Perhaps the perfume of a favourite blossom or newly-mown grass, the scents of the garden after light summer rain, the smell of your favourite meal cooking or the perfume worn by a friend, the special scent of a baby or small child.

When oils are inhaled, micro-molecules of essential oils travel through the nasal passages to the limbic system of the brain which is the seat of memory and emotion.

The breathing in of essential oils is thought to trigger memories and emotions within the limbic system, which in turn stimulates a response within the entire system.

With the memory comes instant recall of the associated emotion - pleasure, happiness, laughter, affection or perhaps sadness, pain, grief.

For this reason, it is important to always heed the emotional responses to the aroma of the essential oils you intend to use. If the scent is in any way repellent, then it is wise to adjust your choice of oils for your blend. The subconscious, emotional responses are telling you something of vital importance and you would be wise to listen. Otherwise, you severely curtail the degree of benefit given.

Smell takes a direct, physical route to the brain because they employ nerve cells as transmitters and receivers. Odours travel directly through the olfactory system in the nose and the front part of the head into the limbic area of the brain which processes the smell.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

D.S. Braun

Dee is a Certified Aromatherapist, Certified Reflexologist, and Reiki Master. Her site is AkobiAromas.com - a source of quality aromatherapy, herbal and reflexology information and products.

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What is that Smell?

We’ve all been there.  We walk into our office on Monday morning and something doesn’t smell quite right.  You look around thinking maybe you left a muffin in your drawer or a candy bar melted after the power outage, but you find nothing.  Since it’s not that bad and it comes and goes you spray air freshener in your cubical and press on.  But the smell get worse throughout the week and you aren’t the only one smelling it anymore.  What is that smell?  Where is it coming from?  

We’ve all been there.  We walk into our office on Monday morning and something doesn’t smell quite right.  You look around thinking maybe you left a muffin in your drawer or a candy bar melted after the power outage, but you find nothing.  Since it’s not that bad and it comes and goes you spray air freshener in your cubical and press on.  But the smell get worse throughout the week and you aren’t the only one smelling it anymore.  What is that smell?  Where is it coming from? 

Indoor air quality is an important component to keep employees healthy and productive.  Symptoms of deficient air quality can present in many different ways such as fatigue, headaches, difficulty focusing, and soreness of the nose, lungs, throat, and eyes.  These symptoms can be early warning signs for problems that lead to longer lasting health issues.  One indicator of poor air quality or that something un-sanitary is growing in your office building is a foul smell. 

Smell is a strong indicator that something somewhere has gone awry.  Foul odors are also one of the most difficult things to diagnose in a large office environment.  Many times a maintenance manager or a building maintenance company will call an industrial hygiene firm to come out and perform some air tests.  A good industrial hygienist will come out with several pieces of equipment and begin sampling the air.  Typically they will need to take at least one sample in the infected area, one sample outside the infected area, and one sample outdoors.

These different samples allow them to compare the infected area sample with what is in the air “normally” inside and outside.  Sometimes they take more than one sample in the infected area.  In cases where the mystery smell more resembles a musty odor, then the hygienist might pull up a piece of carpet to see if there is any mold growing underneath.  If they see anything that is suspicious looking on the surface then they should take a “surface sample.”  This sample will give the lab something to analyze besides just spores in the air.

Many factors play a role when it comes to air quality.   Bacteria do produce odors and when there is adequate buildup of certain bacteria then there will be smell.  Identifying why those particular bacteria have become prevalent in any situation is the job for an industrial hygienist.  People often try to clean odors with bleach.  While bleach will kill the surface bacteria, it does not penetrate deep and kill the root cause of the bacteria

. 

Indoor air quality is a catalyst for airborne pathogens and should be taken seriously within every office environmentIf you start smelling mystery smells contact an environmental, health and safety firm to perform tests in your office building.  To find a firm near you click here. 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Leighanna Cumbie 

 I just moved from Chicago to Tulsa, Oklahoma.  I have two dogs and am a car enthusiast. Safety in today's work environment is a passion of mine.

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The Maker of Maps - a metaphorical tale

Way back, back further even than before the time of your future dreams, there was a Map Maker who was regarded as the finest maker of maps in the city. His maps were known throughout the land, and people would travel for many days to have a map prepared by the Map Maker.

One day, a foreign dignitary visited the Map Maker's shop, and at the dignitary's request the Map Maker prepared him the most exquisite of maps made of the finest parchment, with the rarest inks. The Map Maker worked late into the night, ignoring mealtimes and calls for bed. In the morning, the dignitary called to pick up the map as arranged and he was delighted.

Reverently he unrolled the map out on the Map Maker's desk. Beneath their eyes desert lands unfurled in gold, while green-brown forests and peaked mountains lay before them. Delicate lines marked out contours, latitudes and longitudes, and exquisite letters showed the locations of towns, villages and cities.

"Map Maker" said the dignitary, pointing to a deep blue river on the map, "tell me of this area here".

"Sire" replied the Map Maker "I know not of these areas I draw. My maps are drawn from the words and the maps of others who have gone before me." And he took the dignitary to a room at the back of the shop that contained books from travellers, hand drawn maps, sketches, and all manner of paper and record.

The dignitary hid his disappointment well, but soon after he left, the Map Maker began to hear disturbing stories. That people were saying that they could not trust his work. Saying, that if he simply put together his maps from other peoples work then however fine they were, how could anyone guarantee their accuracy? How could anyone who used them know that they would simply not get lost?

Over the weeks, he noticed a slowing down of business, until his customers had almost stopped coming in their entirety. Now, this sorely vexed the Map Maker, for not only was this how he made his living, but he was a deeply proud man, proud of both his art and his reputation. And it pained him to the core of his being that his maps might not actually be as good as he had always believed them to be. So he resolved to discard his work and to discard his books and his drawings, and venture out into the world himself, and learn his art again anew.

So, he sold his shop, his fine pens and his parchments. He sold his rare ink and his gold leaf, his books, papers and records. With the proceeds from the sale, he paid of his servants and was about to put the remaining money in the single bag he had packed for his journeys when he had a thought. This thought came unbidden, and he knew not from where, but it seemed important to him somehow.

"If I am to start out anew then I must go out into the world as much as a new born child as I am able. Only then will I be able to immerse myself deep in my art".

And so he gave the remainder of his money to a beggar outside the shop, and he left his shop and he left his city. As he walked passed the city gates with only his clothes and his bag he turned back to look, and it seemed to him as if he was leaving a strange place.

Many days he wandered and there was much fear in his heart, for he had no maps to guide him now. But many days there was much joy too, as he took to sketching with the simple pencils and paper he had brought with him for the task of relearning his art. And sometimes he measured, and drew maps, and sometimes he just sat, deep in a silence. And it would seem to him afterward, that it was at these times that he was most deeply immersed in his art, and that it was in this inner sense of silence that he learned the most.

As he learned to survive, to trade his physical labour or his skills as an artist for food, the days when he felt fear grew less, and the days when he felt joy, grew more. He came to know the pleasure of rain on his skin, the soft sound of birdsong as the sun rose in the mornings. He came to learn the ache of muscles worked hard during a long day. He came to appreciate the bright crispness of a winter's day, the newborn colours of spring, the warm joy of summer and the red-gold quiescence of autumn. He discovered the joys of a simple welcome and of hospitality, of a giving and receiving, motivated only by a common humanity.

As he wandered, his muscle grew hard, and his body lean and tanned. His face became lined and radiated a peace and a gentle silence that filled the people he met with quiet awe and reverence. Yet none of this he noticed.

When he came to a new town, he would tell the people there of his travels, and he would illuminate his stories with pictures and maps of his own making, drawn both on paper, and in the air with his arms as he told his tales. And he started to notice a strange thing; that when he came into a new place, people seemed to know him, and to have been waiting eagerly for his arrival. Audiences would gather to hear of his travels, and he would leave behind maps and pictures for the people, never taking them on with himself in his journey but always starting out anew with fresh pencils and plain paper. 

As he continued to wander, he came to realise that the maps he carried in his memory would guide him better than the maps he drew on paper, because they could change, and in winter, would have snow and ice, and in summer, fields and desert. So he started to tell his audience that they did not need his maps, that the maps that they carried in their heads were much more useful, because they would change, but only the children seemed to understand, and so he would still leave maps and pictures for the townsfolk wherever he wandered.

Time went on, and although he had not forgotten why he had left the city, his purpose became less and less important to him.

Over time, he noticed that people seemed to treat him differently. The children would rush toward him still and clutch at his clothes, begging to hear his stories, and the adults would welcome him into their homes, offer him work and give him food, but there was a change. There was an air of hushed reverence and deference in their treatment of him and gradually this came to trouble him. One day he stopped at a village that he knew well, and the people of the village welcomed him with their usual love and respect, but he asked of them "Why this change? For many years now I have travelled, and I've come through your village, and you have always welcomed like a brother, but this, this is different. Why do you now treat me like a…?" and he paused, lost for the word.

"Magus, you do not know?" asked one villager. The answer troubled him further, and he shook his head, so the villager lead him to the village meeting hall. There, inside, and surrounded by people, lay one of his maps, left behind from a previous visit. The villagers parted to let him through, and he approached the map, only to notice the most curious thing. When he was here last, he had drawn a map of the land in winter, with snowcaps and frozen lakes. This, this was a map of the land in summer, all green fields and flowing rivers. He peered closer, and was surprised to see movement. If he looked closely enough, he could see the meeting hall. And if he looked closer still, he could swear that he could almost see into the hall itself, and see himself standing surrounded by the awed villagers. He laughed out loud.

"Do you see, Magus?" the villager asked.

"I see nothing" said the Maker of Maps, kindly, "I see only what I have told you all along, but only the children understood." and with that, he picked up the map, and tore it into little pieces. He turned to the villager, placed his hand upon the villager's head and asked "And who has the best map, now?"

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Adam Sargant, Dip.H.Ed (Nursing Studies), Dip.Hyp.,NLP(prac)

Adam is an NLP practitioner and Hypnotherapist, as well as a mental health nurse with over a decades experience. He is passionate about the use of language to effect change, and about the ability of people to maximise their own potential. link: Hypnosis MP3s and CDs

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Illustrated maps is nice and easy way to find ways

Jamie Hanson

Let's start with a small definition of illustrated maps: It's said that illustrating maps are best described as the product of a creative and skillful combination of geography, architecture and information crafted properly. It presents the community, campus or facility and is the visual expression of the brand.

Here is a short description of precisely what are illustrated maps: It's actually explained that illustrated maps are rightly described as the system of a inspiring and competent pairing of geography, architectural mastery plus information and facts crafted properly. 

With the assistance of the map you may find a ideal impression of grounds, local community as well as the brand . Can you believe it? Well I certainly do: What I feel is illustrated maps definitely will help any individual considerably, and I have got a really good experience of it and may enjoy to talk about the same with you.

 Past year I was searching for a home in a decent place, however caused by my working conditions I didn't get a lot of time to go to different places, hence I asked several of my good friends to get pamphlets/catalogs of new ventures in their locality/areas. I collected close to six to seven catalogs that covered all the essential information and facts about the location, community and also the facilities it provided. Everything was illustrated so clearly that any layman might comprehend as well as could, and come to a suitable decision. This is precisely what I did. I compared all the good plus bad points and was in a position to choose. Today I am totally pleased to have a residential home which isn't just the perfect, but even has the best places nearby. The just reason of obtaining the proper offer was that all the catalogs contained excellent illustrating maps with the required features. 

It is critical that the illustrated maps you model should fix the motive as well as describe factors clearly, regardless of how you sketch it. Illustrated maps are becoming a fantastic edge in modern day life. Illustrated maps are of immense assistance for individuals who tour to distinct places and destinations constantly. Not just various region, but its even used for the advancement of a firm. You can widely see location maps printed on letter heads of corporation or visiting cards of general folks also . It is simple and easy for the buyers to get the place where the firm is located. Actually the house warming cards, wedding cards have location maps printed on its back side. 

Ideas of Illustrated maps are: 

Illustrating Towns: Facilitates to find the best tourer locations, medical centers, universities, schools, resident places, Commercial areas and so on.

Illustrating Campus: It becomes simpler to find the best campus in university or business with these kinds of maps. Different areas: It normally reveals which is the perfect place to reside or suitable for doing any firm. 

Resorts: These maps aid you to get the perfect resort where you could have fun with your family members or pals. It is best to relate these kinds of maps to look for the path or location. 

There are already a lot of conditions where people misguide guests if they request help to locate various ways, thus if perhaps we carry a map with us the possibilities of getting misguided lowers a lot, regardless of if perhaps we have a language barrier etc. So the summary is: To get to destinations, you can certainly refer to illustrated maps that helps you save time as well as efforts as well. It's a necessity in each stream.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Why are bird's eye view mapgetting popular? What makes campus illustrated mapsandcityscape art so special? Know at illustrative-maps.com

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Maps and Posters and Art

Michael Trigg

Maps and poster maps have always been popular. There are many examples of such items being collector items and / or works of art. With todays sophisticated production means, the door is open for a much wider array of this popular wall hanging.

Have you ever seen the pleasure and amazement on the face of a small child when he or she is shown their first map or atlas? I know my three children, when first getting interested in books, loved browsing through the many atlases that we owned. To be able to visit any place on the planet with just a turn of the page was truly fascinating to them. I think this experience with maps and atlases turned them into the world travelers they are today.

Children of today certainly miss out on that experience with the dominance of GPS’s, computers, I-Phones, Kindles and all the other high-tech gadgets that exist today and that are slowly replacing books. Nothing electronically today however, can compare to spending an hour or two with a well laid out atlas. And with the GPS becoming more and more common, displacing the old fold up (or fold out) car map, a certain amount of exploring fun is missing from our lives.

How great is it to get lost in some strange city or town, open the glove box, pull out the map, lay it on the hood of your car, fighting the wind , working your way painfully from where you are to where you want to be and then attempting to fold the map back into its original configuration. Often an impossible last for those persons endowed with two left thumbs. A lot of  the time, the map ended up back in the glovebox a tangled, crumpled mess, waiting for the next victim.

However, maps and posters depicting places you have visited or a place you live in are always a conversation piece. Many people like to look at a framed map or a poster depicting a city, a town or a place they have been and identify a place they have stayed or the home of a friend or some well known landmark. A friend of mine has a poster map of the area of Canada he lives, under a glass on the counter of his business. About two out of three people will view the map with interest and spend a few minutes identifying where they live. Try and do that with a GPS.

Maps and poster maps are colorful, educational, sometimes works of art and are great for wall hangings. Maps are a means for conveying geographic information and are a universal medium for communication. Old maps provide much information about what was known in times past, as well as the philosophy and cultural basis of the map, which were often much different from modern cartography. Maps are one means by which scientists distribute their ideas and pass them on to future generations. Today’s maps, in a poster style, can be produced in 3D (see http://www.earthplaces.ca/) making them artistically pleasing as opposed to the old style of 2D or flat maps.

A lot of old maps made in limited qualities are indeed works of art and collectibles. Regardless of how sophisticated the world becomes technologically, there will always be a place for the good old map.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Michael Trigg owns a number of businesses in Vancouver, British Columbia including http://www.earthplaces.ca/. He has written several books including a self help book on financing and several children's books.

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Pareidolia

The psychological phenomenon of Pareidolia, according to which the brain responds to visual stimulation by perceiving a familiar pattern that does not exist in practice, is very common.

Common examples are captured images of animals, faces, or objects in cloud configurations. Rocks may mimic familiar shapes created by their processes of formation and decay.

People with a hobby can collect small pieces of concrete or pebbles resembling bones, skulls, oysters, turtles, and so on, which resemble the source both in size and shape.

The act of imagination make it possible to to separate undefined images, such as walls and surfaces stained with different stains, or made from a mixture of different types of materials, to well understood forms. We turn them to familiar objects, such as human figures with strange expressions, landscapes, impressive clothes, and any other well known image.

In most cases people interpret random images, or patterns of light and shadow, like faces. Research has found that objects perceived as faces trigger an early activation of the brain region that specializes in object recognition, and the brain does so in the same way that ordinary faces do, whereas other ordinary objects do not activate the same reaction. The activation even occurs at a slightly higher speed than the response to images of real faces.

In the brain, cognitive processes are triggered by any 'face-like' object, and they alert both the emotional state and the identity of the subject, even before the conscious mind begins processing or even receiving the information. This powerful and sophisticated ability to process information is at the core of the brain, and therefore subconscious. The information becomes knowledge even before it is pass on to the rest of the brain for detailed processing.

Facial recognition software is very successful because of the great diversity of human faces. You can recognize faces with tiny details. The area of the brain responsible for identifying the faces is one of the most developed.

This feature also helps the brain to easily transform inanimate objects into simulated faces.

Because the face recognition area is one of the most developed parts of the brain, The process of identifying and separating the faces is so well developed, that it seems to be operated without questions. We can walk in a strange city we have never been to, look for a moment at a face staring out of the crowd, and identify him. The ability to recognize faces is a wonder of the human brain, and people are so good at it that the feeling is that we do it effortlessly.

The area of the brain that is responsible for facial recognition continues to develop and functions better after adolescence, into our adulthood. This is a discovery of the brain structure, which is an important news for scientists, on a subject that is still hidden under the surface.

Although the appearances of faces in food, hairstyles and pictures are a subject of laughter, there is a very important truth behind the phenomenon. We are prone to seeing faces in every corner of the visual world. These experiences express the enormous impact imagination has on our perception.

What is there inside human beings that just pop up in front of our eyes at every opportunity? Many websites are decorated with pictures of human faces in fences, electricity poles, sidewalks, cracks in the wall, and so on. Studies reveal a very complex picture in which psychology, evolution and even spirituality play a central role. In many cases the faces we see are composed of basic geometrical shapes. But even the most dim images evoke faces. No matter how vague and random the patterns are, somehow, the brain manages to produce within them the contours of a human face.

We tend to believe that our eyes represent a reliable picture of reality, but in reality the eyes are merely means of transmitting light waves. The organ who makes up the picture is the brain, and the brain has its own pattern of action. One of the ways in which the brain arranges images is by creating a prediction of what appears, based on our past experience. It throws the existing expectations on everything we look at and intertwines them with the meaning it produces. In this way the brain can create a clear meaning even from a blurry image or poor visibility. On the other hand, this method makes our vision so subjective that in a sense we see what we want to see.

In face recognition, apart from the visual part of the brain, other parts of memory and planning also work. As a result, a unique part of the brain, which responds especially when stimulating human faces, is activated. It gives us the feeling that we are looking at thinking and feeling things, that we see "real" faces. People follow the "gaze" of objects just as we are used to following the gaze of people, and are tempted to look and see what makes them react so.

One possible answer to this riddle is that we see so many real human faces in everyday life that we expect to see them everywhere. From childhood, this is the most common stimulus we encounter. Another answer, for evolutionary reasons, human survival depends on other people, whether or not we need help from them. One must understand other people and decipher their behavior at high speed, so it is possible that the brain is wired to identify other people at every opportunity. The accidental error of "fake" face recognition in a tree trunk is not as serious as failing to recognize a real face hiding in the bushes.

A similar mechanism may work in the opposite direction. The brain tries to cast its human qualities on things that are not necessarily human according to the accepted definitions. In an attempt to deal with the uncertainty of the world, man 'facialize' various phenomena and seeks his reflection in nature.

One of the most prominent examples is the 'faces' of cars, with the human contours that come from the lights and the grill. Everywhere in the world, locals associate the same human expressions with cars. A car with round headlights and a small grill, for example, is described as feminine. On the other hand, straight lights and a wide grill are considered masculine. There is a need for the brain to locate biological information in the form of facial expressions, wherever it can. It is amazing to see how we perceive the modern environment through such ancient mechanisms.

The face recognition feature in objects can have a ractical influence on our lives. If the car has a 'threatening look', it may provoke aggressiveness among other drivers. Signs of "eye-examiners" reduced cases of theft by more than half.

The success of each process stems from the level of connection between the process and its purpose and ultimate goal. When the human brain wants to recognize a person's face, it can do so by finding a common denominator, and by comparing complex patterns. The brain quickly maps the patterns to the problem it faces and prioritizes the various comparisons.

Facial wisdom - Personology is a familiar subject of study. Its basis was intuition, and with the development of research it became an exact science. Our facial features represent character traits inherent in man and allow us to see the person behind the mask.

The use of facial wisdom is evident in almost every aspect of life: the family communication, the workplace, and more. The theory of Personology presents an impressive and accurate analysis of the personality structure, The tools are reliable and they testify to the human skills, the pattern of its importance, its creation, and the mental barriers it contains.

Personology studies also lead to body language analysis, interpersonal communication, obsessive disorders, skin problems, and complementary medicine such as iridology and reflexology.

Family of rocks in Bulgarian mountains

Tribe of rocks in canyons country in Utah

Face recognition software

Ruin is similar to human face

Hammock before windows create smiling face